: Introduced a mathematical model to measure subjective, unobservable psychological stimuli.
: Existing factor analysis could only isolate a single general factor. louis thurstone
Thurstone challenged this by proposing that intelligence isn't a single ladder, but a . He used factor analysis to identify what he called Primary Mental Abilities (PMAs) . : Introduced a mathematical model to measure subjective,
-factor. Instead of a single, overarching intelligence, Thurstone argued that human intellect consists of seven independent components. He called these the . The Seven Primary Mental Abilities Verbal Comprehension ( louis thurstone
