While not "pumps" in the strict enzymatic sense, secondary active transport relies on the gradients established by primary active transport pumps.
Keeps intracellular calcium levels 10,000 times lower than extracellular levels. The Proton-Potassium Pump ( active transport pumps
Composed of a rotor and stator mechanism driven by proton movement. 4. ABC Transporters While not "pumps" in the strict enzymatic sense,