Information Security Models -

If BLP is about keeping secrets in, the (1977) is about keeping poison out. It was designed to address the integrity flaw in Bell–LaPadula. Biba ensures that data is not corrupted or modified by unauthorized subjects.

While Biba is about hierarchical integrity, the (1987) provides a more practical, transaction-focused approach. It is designed for commercial applications (banking, inventory) where integrity must be maintained across complex, multi-step processes. information security models

Clark-Wilson moves away from simple access controls and toward well-formed transactions . It ensures that even if an attacker compromises a user account, they cannot arbitrarily alter data—they must use a legitimate, audited procedure. If BLP is about keeping secrets in, the